The Future is Now – HydrOgen Production from the Earth’s subsurface (HOPE)
Facilities
Below is a list of the major equipment in The Hope Group. Besides, we also have access to equipment in the Materials Research Institute and Center for Quantitative Imaging at Penn State University.
Reactors & thermal systems
Two Microwave Reactor Systems
• Sairem microwave generators:
– Solid State (450 W) & Magnetron (3 KW)
– Frequency: 2450 ± 50 MHz
– WR 340 waveguide
• Cavity:
– E field (Sairem)
– H field (Malachite Technologies)
• Three mass flow meters:
– Resolution: 0.01 mL/min
• Real-time, automatic control of temperature and microwave power
Paar Autoclave reactors
- Two benchtop stands
- Four autoclave reactors
- Pressure: up to 3000 Psi
- Temperature: up to 350 ℃
- Volume: up to 500 mL
- Material: Hastelloy C vessel with a gold bag
Furnace
- Temperature: up to 1250 ℃
- Used for pyrolysis, assisted combustion, catalyst synthesis, etc.
Chemical & mineral analysis
Mass Spectrometer
The MAX300-IG Industrial Gas Analyzer, Extrel
- Online, real-time, high performance mass spectrometer
- Speed: analysis time less than 400ms per component with the capability to analyze an unlimited number of components
- Sensitivity: Detection ranges are 100% to 10 ppm using a Faraday Detector or 100% to 10 ppb using the Dual Faraday/Electron Multiplier detector
- Precision: a precision of ± 0.0025 absolute, based on a 1% Argon concentration
BTX III X‐ray Diffraction (XRD) Analyzer
Olympus
- XRD resolution: 0.25° 2θ FWHM
- XRD range: 5-55° 2θ
- Detector type: 1024 × 256 pixels – 2D Peltier-cooled CCD
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system
Agilent 1260
- Agilent G1329B – 1260 ALS
- G1316A – 1260 TCC
- G1315D – 1260 DAD VL
- G7121B – 1260 FLD Spectra
- G1311B – 11260 Quat Pump
- Sample tray
- G4260B – 1260 ELSD
Fluid handling & visualization
High Pressure Pumps
DCI VPA Syringe Pumps
- Pressure: up to 10,000 psi (~69 MPa) (± 0.1% of full scale)
- Flow rate: 10 nL/min to 100 mL/min (± 0.1% of full scale)
- Wetted part: Hastelloy
- Dual Cylinder
High Pressure High Temperature Visualization Cell
- Pressure: up to 40 MPa
- Temperature: up to 150 ℃
- 20 cm × 20 cm view area
- Used for research involving subsurface flows in CO2 sequestration, geothermal recovery, hydrogen geological storage, and oil recovery
Measurement & laboratory support
IR Pyrometers
Micro-Epsilon High Performance Pyrometer
- Temperature range: (1) 50 ℃ to 400 ℃; and (2) 150 ℃ to 1000 ℃
- Spectral range: 2.3 μm (capable of penetrating quartz tube and measure the temperature of sample in it)
- Temperature resolution: 0.1 ℃
Ultrasonic Cleaner
- 5.5 Gallon tank
Computational modeling
a multiphase reactive-transport code to for simulating a wide variety of problems in porous and/or fractured media.